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Alt Text: pregnancy scans timeline NT anomaly growth scan India Dr Mamta Agrawal BestGyno
Pregnancy ultrasound scans are essential for monitoring the health and development of the baby. Each scan has a specific purpose, from confirming early pregnancy to checking baby’s anatomy, growth, placenta health and well-being. As a Gynaecologist with 27+ years of experience, I guide expecting mothers on the correct ultrasound schedule during pregnancy.
This complete 2025 guide explains the full pregnancy scan timeline including dating scan, NT scan, anomaly scan, growth scans, Doppler scans and when each one is recommended for the safest pregnancy outcome.
Why Ultrasound Scans Are Important
Ultrasound helps assess:
- Baby’s growth and development
- Placenta location
- Amniotic fluid levels
- Baby’s movements
- Possible birth defects
- Blood flow through placenta and cord
Each scan plays a vital role in early detection and timely intervention.
Pregnancy Scans Timeline (Week-by-Week Guide)
1. The Dating Scan (6–9 Weeks)
This is the first ultrasound of pregnancy. It confirms:
- Location of pregnancy (in uterus)
- Gestational age
- Heartbeat
- Single or twin pregnancy
2. NT Scan (Nuchal Translucency) – 11 to 14 Weeks
The NT scan measures the fluid behind the baby’s neck. It helps assess risk for chromosomal conditions such as Down syndrome. This scan is mandatory for all pregnant women.
The report includes:
- NT measurement
- Nasal bone
- Ductus venosus flow
- Tricuspid valve assessment
3. Early Anatomy / Level 1 Scan – 16 to 18 Weeks
Some centres perform an early anatomy scan to evaluate major organs. It also checks:
- Fetal heart
- Spine
- Kidneys
- Brain structures
4. Anomaly Scan (Level II) – 18 to 22 Weeks
This is one of the most important scans of pregnancy. It checks the baby’s organs in detail.
This scan evaluates:
- Brain and spine
- Face and lips
- Heart chambers
- Kidneys, bladder
- Stomach
- Limbs and bones
- Placenta location
- Cervical length
If any structural concern is detected, follow-up scans may be advised.
5. Growth Scan 1 – 28 Weeks
This scan checks:
- Baby’s weight
- Amniotic fluid
- Placenta health
- Fetal movements
6. Growth Scan 2 – 32 Weeks
Checks ongoing fetal growth and placenta function. Important for mothers with:
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Twin pregnancy
- Previous growth-restricted baby
7. Growth + Doppler Scan – 36 Weeks
Doppler ultrasound assesses blood flow between placenta and baby.
Doppler evaluates:
- Umbilical artery flow
- Middle cerebral artery
- Ductus venosus
This is crucial to decide timing of delivery.
Additional Scans (When Required)
- Cervical length scan (for women at risk of preterm labour)
- Repeat Doppler for growth-restricted babies
- Biophysical profile (BPP)
- Placenta previa follow-up scan
Understanding Key Terms
1. EFW (Estimated Fetal Weight)
Provides approximate weight.
2. AFI (Amniotic Fluid Index)
Checks fluid quantity. Low or high values need review.
3. Placental Grading
Indicates maturity of placenta.
How Many Total Scans Are Done in a Healthy Pregnancy?
Typically: 5–6 scans are enough, unless medically required.
Importance of Timely Scans
- Early detection of abnormalities
- Monitoring growth concerns
- Managing placenta previa
- Preventing stillbirth in high-risk cases
WHO & MoHFW Guidelines
- NT scan and anomaly scan are essential
- Doppler for high-risk pregnancies
- Growth monitoring in third trimester
- Focus on fetal well-being and placenta health
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Is ultrasound safe in pregnancy?
Yes. It uses sound waves, not radiation.
2. Which is the most important scan?
The anomaly scan at 18–22 weeks gives the most structural information.
3. How many scans should be done?
Usually 5–6 scans unless there are complications.
4. What is a Doppler scan?
It checks blood flow between placenta and baby, especially in high-risk pregnancies.
5. What happens if a scan detects a concern?
Your doctor will plan follow-up scans, treatments or delivery timing based on the finding.
